National Health Programmes III - NIS, JSY, RBSK and Others MCQs

The rotavac vaccine has been added to the national immunisation schedule in 2020 in selected states. It is given at 5drops/dose, orally at 6,10,14 weeks, along with Pentavalent vaccine and OPV. Reference : Essentials of Medical Microbiology, by Apurba Sastry and Sandhya Bhat, 3rd Edition, Page Number 425

Explanation: According to NUHM, 42 U-PHCs are required for this scenario. According to NUHM guidelines, an Urban Primary Health Centre (U-PHC) is typically established for every 50,000-60,000 population. When targeting slum areas specifically, one U-PHC is recommended for approximately 25,000-30,000 slum population. In exceptional cases, such as highly dense or isolated slum clusters, one U-PHC may be set up for populations as low as 5,000-10,000. In the given question, the total population is 70,00,000. Out of this, 30% is the slum population, which means the slum population is 21,00,000 (30% of 70,00,000). Using the standard norm of one U-PHC per 50,000 people, we divide the slum population by 50,000. 21,00,000 ÷ 50,000 = 42 Therefore, to serve the slum population of this city, 42 Urban PHCs would be required.

Ans. is 'a' i.e., 9 months o The WHO expanded programme on immunization recommends immunization at 9 months of age. o Now, second dose of measles is also given at 16-24 months in National Immunization Schedule.

Explanation: Fractional Inactivated Polio Vaccine (fIPV) is included in the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) of India. As per the latest guidelines, fIPV is given at: 6 weeks 14 weeks 9 months (along with measles-containing vaccine) This schedule is designed to boost immunity against poliovirus while complementing the doses of Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV). Explanation of other options : 6wk 10wk 9m (Option A): The second dose is given at 14 weeks , not 10 weeks . 6wk, 10wk, 14wk (Option C): The third dose is given at 9 months , not 14 weeks . 6wk, 10wk, 12wk (Option D): This is not in line with the recommended schedule, as the second and third doses are at 14 weeks and 9 months , respectively. Key Takeaways: The correct fIPV dosing schedule in India is 6 weeks, 14 weeks, and 9 months , aligning with the National Immunization Schedule to ensure robust protection against polio.

Explanation: The Village Health, Nutrition and Sanitation Day (VHND) is conducted once every month. (Option B,C and D ruled out) It is typically held at the Anganwadi Center (AWC) and serves as a crucial platform for providing integrated health, nutrition, and sanitation services to the community, particularly targeting women and children. Location: Primarily held at the Anganwadi Center (AWC). Day: Preferably on Wednesdays, but can be scheduled on any other day in the same month if a village is missed. Key Activities: Immunization, antenatal care, health education, nutrition services, and sanitation promotion. Key Takeaways: VHND is a monthly outreach activity. It is a cornerstone of primary healthcare delivery at the village level under the National Health Mission (NHM).

Explanation: Under the Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) , school-going children in the age group of 6-18 years are screened by mobile health teams twice a year , which is semi-annually.(Option A,B and C ruled out) This frequent screening schedule is designed for the early detection and management of the 4 Ds: Defects at birth Diseases Deficiencies Developmental delays. Target Group: Children aged 6-18 years in government and government-aided schools. Screening Team: Comprises Mobile Health Teams with a Medical Officer, Pharmacist, and Lab Technician. Purpose: Early identification and intervention for health conditions to reduce child mortality and morbidity. Key Takeaways: RBSK mandates semi-annual (twice-a-year) health screening for school children aged 6-18 years. This ensures regular monitoring and timely intervention for common childhood health conditions.

Explanation: Under the Pradhan Mantri Ayushman Bharat Health and Wellness Centres (PM-ABHWC, also called Arogya Mandir) , essential services include: Dietary services (nutritional support, therapeutic diet where needed) Outpatient and preventive care Maternal and child health care Non-communicable disease screening and management Essential drugs and diagnostics Referral services Dietary services are specifically included to ensure nutritional support during illness and recovery . Explanation of Incorrect Options: Laundry (Option A): Supportive/hospital maintenance service, not part of Arogya Mandir package . Security (Option C): A general facility requirement, not a defined service under PM-ABHWC. Potable water (Option D): Availability of safe water is a basic infrastructure requirement , but not classified as a health service under Arogya Mandir.

Explanation: The Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PM-JAY) is the world's largest government-funded healthcare program. It provides: Health insurance coverage up to Rs 5 lakh per family per year (Options B, C & D ruled out) Coverage applies for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization Targeted towards poor and vulnerable families (over 10.74 crore families) Benefits are cashless and paperless , available across empaneled public and private hospitals in India This makes it a critical scheme in reducing out-of-pocket expenditure and improving access to healthcare.