Female Genital Tract MCQs

Dysplasia is a term that literally means "disordered growth." It is encountered principally in epithelial cells and is recognized on the basis of several morphologic changes. Dysplastic cells may exhibit considerable pleomorphism and often contain large hyperchromatic nuclei with a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio. Dysplastic epithelial surfaces also typically show architectural disarray and a loss of orderly differentiation Metaplasia is defined as the replacement of one type of cell with another type Reference: Robin's basic pathology 10 th edition, 272

A partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) arises due to the fertilization of an ovum by two sperm (dispermy), leading to a triploid karyotype (69 chromosomes) . The common chromosomal compositions observed in PHM are: 69,XXX (most common) 69,XXY 69,XYY (rare) Incorrect Choices Explanation Choice A: 46 XX A 46,XX karyotype is seen in complete hydatidiform moles , which occur due to fertilization of an empty ovum by a single sperm that duplicates its DNA. Choice B: 46 XY Similar to 46,XX, a 46,XY karyotype is also found in complete moles , not partial moles. Choice D: Any of the Above Only triploid (69) karyotypes are found in PHM , making this choice incorrect. Key takeaway: Partial Hydatidiform Mole: Triploidy (69 chromosomes) Fetal parts may be present Less trophoblastic proliferation than complete mole

STEPS FOR PAP SMEAR ARE TO RETRACT WITH HELP OF LUBRICATED SPECULUM TAKE SAMPLE MAKE A SLIDE FIXATION WITH 95% ETHANOL Reference: Cytojournal. 2022; 19: 24.