Tongue and Palate MCQs

Chorda tympani arises from intratemporal part (in fallopion canal) of facial nerve. * It carries preganglionic secretomotor fibers (not postganglionic) to submandibular and sublingual glands. * It joins lingual nerve in infratemporal fossa. * It carries taste sensations from anterior 2/3 of tongue.

Most of the muscles of the head arise from the somitomeres located cranial to the occipital somites. Occipital myotomes supply muscle for tongue, and are innervated by cranial nerve XII, hypoglossal. Reference - Textbook of Langman's, 12th Edition, Head and Neck Embryology Page number - 273

The foramen cecum on the tongue is the point from which the thyroid gland evaginated and began its journey down into the neck. It lies at the apex of the V-shaped terminal sulcus, which divides the tongue into anterior 2/3rds, from the lateral lingual swellings and tuberculum impar, and posterior 1/3rd, from the copula. Reference - Textbook of Langman's, 12th Edition, Head and Neck Embryology Page number - 273

Hypobranchial eminence forms the posterior third of the tongue. It is served by the nerve of the 3rd branchial arch, glossopharyngeal. Tongue musculature arises from occipital somites and is innervated by CN XII, hypoglossal. Epiglottis arises as an epiglottic swelling on the 4th arch. Palatine tonsil is from the 2nd pouch. Reference - Textbook of Langman's, 12th Edition, Head and Neck Embryology Page number - 273

Answer- A. Adenocarcinoma most common SCC is the most common type of malignancy, but leiomyosarcomas and rhabdomyosarcomas are also encountered (rarely). Tumors on the tongue may occur on any surface but are most commonly seen on the lateral and ventral surfaces. The regional lymphatics of the oral cavity are to the submandibular space and the upper cervical lymph nodes. Risk factors- tobacco and alcohol.

The chorda tympani nerve arises from the facial nerve a few millimeters above the stylomastoid foramen. It is directed superior and anterior, and perforates the tympanic cavity. It enters the posterior canaliculus and then descends near the spine of the sphenoid bone. It merges with the lingual nerve, a branch of the maxillary nerve (V2). This nerve transports the nerves of taste for the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and contains secretory fibers for the sublingual and submaxillary glands. In addition, it sends a branch to the auditory tube. Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Head and neck, page number - 514

All the other muscles of the tongue derive from the occipital myotomes. This is the reason that all the other tongue muscles receive innervation from the twelfth cranial nerve (hypoglossal nerve) except the palatoglossus muscle, which is innervated by the tenth cranial nerve (vagus nerve). Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Head and neck, Page number - 1096

D. i.e. Incisive foramen The incisive foramen is dividing landmark between the primary & secondary palateQ; and anterior & posterior cleft deformities