Deep Fascia and Triangles of the Neck MCQs

Transverse cervical nerve. The cervical plexus is situated deep in the upper part of the neck, under cover of the internal jugular vein and the sternocleidomastoid (SCM). Formed by the anterior primary rami of cervical nerves 1-3, it gives rise to superficial branches, which emerge near the middle of the posterior border of the SCM. The branches are : The lesser occipital nerve, which hooks around the accessory nerve and ascends to the auricle The great auricular nerve which ascends superficial to the SCM and toward the parotid region The transverse cervical nerve, which crosses the SCM into the anterior neck; and The supraclavicular nerves, which descend as three nerves that cross the clavicle and supply the skin over the shoulder. Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Head and neck, Page number - 1000

Ans. is'b'i.e., Bifurcation of trachea Retropharyngeal space is divided into two lateral spaces (space of gillette) by a fibrous band. Retropharyngeal space is limited above by the base of skull and below where the alar fascia fuses with buccopharyngeal fascia at the level of T4 and carina (bifurcation of trachea).

Boundaries of the posterior triangle: Anteriorly - the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid Posteriorly - the anterior border of the trapezius Inferiorly - the middle third of the clavicle Roof - superficial fascia containing external jugular vein, posterior jugular vein, the investing layer of deep fascia and cutaneous nerves. The cutaneous nerves include: Great auricular nerve Lesser occipital nerve Supraclavicular nerve Transverse cutaneous nerve Floor - the prevertebral fascia overlying splenius capitis, levator scapulae, and the scalene muscles Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Head and neck, Page number - 1006

The lateral tongue drains into the submandibular lymph nodes, which are in the submandibular triangle. Remember the tip of the tongue drains to the submental nodes in the submental triangle. Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Head and neck, Page number - 1006

Ans. is 'c' i.e., Retropharynx The Rouviere's node is the most superior of the lateral group of the retropharyngeal lymph nodes, and is found at the base of the skull. The krewse's nodes are lymph nodes situated in the jugular foramen. Enlargement of these nodes compress on cranial nerves IX, X and XI, causing jugular foramen syndrome.