Hepatobiliary System, Spleen & Pancreas MCQs

The portal vein forms when an anastomotic network around the duodenum forms one vessel. This anastomotic network is from the veins of the gut, the vitelline veins. Reference - Textbook of Langman's, 12th Edition, Cardiovascular System Embryology Page number - 185

Ans. is 'a' i.e., Right renal vein [Ref BDC 5`Ve volume 2 p. 306] Terminal part of right renal vein is posterior to head of pancreatic

Ligation of the common hepatic artery will cause impairment in the blood supply through its branches i.e right gastric artery and right gastroepiploic artery. Blood supply of the stomach: The arterial supply of the stomach is contributed exclusively by the branches of the celiac trunk. Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Abdomen, Page number - 172

The arterial supply of the pancreas is mainly provided by branches of the celiac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery. Arterial supply of the pancreas: Head and uncinate process Anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries [branches of the gastroduodenal artery, which is a branch of the celiac trunk] Anterior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries [branches of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, which is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery] Body and tail [branches of the splenic artery, which is a branch of the celiac trunk] Dorsal pancreatic artery Great pancreatic artery Artery to the tail of the pancreas Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Abdomen, Page number - 170

Cholecysto-vena caval line (Cantlie line) separates right and left lobe of the liver. Cantlie line is an imaginary line that divides the liver into 2 planes. It extends from the midpoint of the gallbladder fossa at the inferior margin of the liver back to the midpoint of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and contains the middle hepatic vein. Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Abdomen, Page number - 172

Ans. is'd' i.e., VII [Rel Gray's 4fh/e p. 1163-1167; Sabaton 18h/e p. 15841 Segmental anatomy of the liver: Based on the distribution of portal vein and hepatic vein, Couinaud divided each physiological (functional) lobe of liver into 4 segments each and hence liver is divided into 8 segments. The physiological left lobe is composed of 4 segments designated I to IV and is supplied by left branch of hepatic artery, Ieft branch of portal vein and drained by left hepatic duct and left hepatic vein. The physiological right lobe consists of segment V, VI, VII and VIII and is supplied by right hepatic artery, right branch of portal vein and drained by right hepatic duct and right hepatic vein.

Portal vein is formed by the union of Superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and splenic vein posterior to the neck of pancreas. The inferior mesenteric vein drains into the splenic vein. * The hepatic portal vein pass posterior to the first part of duodenum, in the free edge of lesser omentum. * At the porta hepatis, it divides into right and left branches supplying the right and left lobes of the liver. * Within the sinusoids of the liver, hepatic portal blood and oxygenated blood from the hepatic artery mix together and come into contact with the hepatocytes, where metabolites such as products of digestion are exchanged. * Blood from the sinusoids empties into hepatic veins draining the liver and in turn drain into IVC, and blood is returned to heart.

Segment IV (left medial sector) corresponds to the quadrate lobe and not the caudate lobe (segment 1). It is a part of the physiological left lobe of liver (segments I, III, and V) and is drained by the left hepatic duct. The physiological left lobe is supplied by the left hepatic artery and left branch of the portal vein. The physiological right lobe of the liver (segments V, VI, VIl, and VIll) is drained by the right hepatic duct, and supplied by the right hepatic artery and right branch of the portal vein. 80% of blood supply to the liver is through the portal vein, whereas 20% is through the hepatic artery. Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Abdomen, Page number - 172