Occupational Health Diseases MCQs

Ans. is 'a' i.e., Double-chamber o Three basic kinds of incineration technology are of interest for treatment of healh care wastes : i) Double-chamber pyrolytic incinerators which may be especially designed to burn infectious health care waste. ii) Single-chamber furnaces with static grate, which should be used only if pyrolytic incinerators are not affordable. iii) Rotary kilns operating at high temperatures, capable of causing decomposition of genotoxic substances and heat-resistant chemicals.

Explanation: Sickness absenteeism is defined as the absence from work attributed to sickness or injury. It is a direct and sensitive index used in occupational health to measure the health status of the workers. (Options B, C & D ruled out) By tracking the frequency, duration, and reasons for health-related absences, organizations can assess the overall health of their workforce, identify patterns of illness, and detect potential occupational hazards. It serves as a key performance indicator for the effectiveness of workplace health and safety programs.

Explanation: The correct requirement as per the Indian Factories Act, 1948, is 500 cubic feet . This mandate for minimum space per worker is a fundamental health and safety provision designed to prevent overcrowding, ensure adequate ventilation, and reduce the risk of accidents and the spread of airborne diseases in the industrial environment. The calculation for this space is based on volume, but it is important to note that only the space up to a height of 14 feet from the floor level is considered for this calculation. Any room height beyond this limit is disregarded. Key Takeaways: The statutory minimum space per worker in a factory is 500 cubic feet . This is a key provision of the Factories Act, 1948 aimed at safeguarding worker health. Space is calculated as volume, considering only the first 14 feet of height. Reference: The Factories Act, 1948 ( gov.in ).

Explanation: Mesothelioma is a rare but aggressive malignant tumor of the pleura and peritoneum , strongly linked to asbestos exposure . Asbestos fibers → lodge in pleura/peritoneum → cause chronic irritation and genetic damage → malignant mesothelial cell proliferation. Latency period: 20-40 years after exposure. Asbestosis itself is a pneumoconiosis (diffuse interstitial fibrosis) , but mesothelioma is the classic neoplasm associated with asbestos . Explanation of Incorrect Options: Silicosis (Option A): Associated with silica dust , predisposes to tuberculosis , but not mesothelioma. Coal dust (Option B): Causes coal workers' pneumoconiosis , no link with mesothelioma. Berylliosis (Option D): Due to beryllium exposure (electronics, aerospace), can cause chronic granulomatous lung disease , but not mesothelioma.