Anatomy of Nose MCQs

Inferior turbinate articulates with the maxilla. Superior and middle turbinates are parts of ethmoid bone. Reference – Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra ,8 th Edition, pg. no 159

ATROPHIC RHINITIS (OZAENA) is a chronic inflammation of nose characterized by atrophy of nasal mucosa and turbinate bones. The nasal cavities are roomy and full of foul-smelling crusts. Surgical management includes: (a) Young's operation . Both the nostrils are closed completely just within the nasal vestibule by raising flaps. They are opened after 6 months or later. In these cases, mucosa may revert to normal and crusting reduced. (b) Modified Young's operation. To avoid the discomfort of bilateral nasal obstruction, modified Young's operation aims to partially close the nostrils. It is also claimed to give the same benefit as Young's.

Explanation: The anterior ethmoidal nerve is most commonly compressed at the middle turbinate followed by the inferior turbinate. Compression of the anterior ethmoidal nerve leads to anterior ethmoid neuralgia, also referred to as Sluder's neuralgia. Most common cause is a spur impinging on the lateral wall of nose. It is characterised by neuralgic pain in the lower half of the face with nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and increased lacrimation.

Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rhinion [Ref Textbook of general anatomy p. 10] Nasion → The depression at the junction of nose with forehead. Rhinion → The point located at the osseocartilagenous junction over the dorsum of the nose. Radix → Junction between the frontal bone and nasal bone. Columella → Column between the nostrils at the base of the nose..

Diagnostic nasal endoscopy has three passes. First pass – Examination of nasopharynx and inferior meatus . ( along the inferior turbinate) Second pass - Examination of the sphenoethmoidal recess , superior meatus and openings of sphenoid sinus and posterior ethmoidal cells. Endoscope is passed medial to middle turbinate. Third pass - Examination of the middle meatus in detail. Reference – Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra ,8th Edition, pg. no- 492, 493

Sluder’s neuralgia = anterior ethmoidal neuralgia Due to middle turbinate pressing on the nasal septum . Characterized by neuralgic pain in lower half of face with nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea and increased lacrimation. Due to neuralgia of sphenopalatine ganglion This is treated by septoplasty . Reference – Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra ,8 th Edition, pg. no – 549

Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Lymphatic drainage of nose is BY Anterior half of nasal cavity (Both septum and lateral wall) -s Submandibular nodes Posterior half of nasal cavity (Both septum and lateral wall)Retropharyngeal nodes and upper deep cervical nodes.