Mixed / Miscellaneous Topics MCQs

Answer is A (Doppler flow USG): 'Stenosis at the origin of the internal carotid Artery can be identified and quantified reliably by ultrasonography that combines B mode ultrasound image with a Doppler ultrasound assessment of flow velocity.'

Explanation: The recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a branch of the vagus nerve . The nerve recurs around the arch of the aorta on the left and the subclavian artery on the right. The clinical significance of this is that on the left, the nerve has a longer course to reach the tracheoesophageal groove and therefore runs in a medial plane. On the right, the course is shorter, and the nerve runs more obliquely to reach the tracheoesophageal groove. Approximately 2% of nerves on the right are non-recurrent and will enter the larynx from above.

A- airway management B- breathing and ventilation C- circulation and haemorrhage control D- disability (neurological status) E- exposure

Answer- B. Beta blockade after alpha blocker Beta blockers such as propanalol at doses of 10 to 40 mg every 6 to 8 hours are often needed in patients who have persistant tachycardia and arrhythmias. n-blockers should only be added after adequate a-blockade and rehydration. a-adrenergic agonists may be needed in immediate post operative period to prevent post operative hypotension and cardiovascular collapse.

Answer- B. MRI MRI is the investigation of choice for demyelinating disorder, e.g. multiple sclerosis.

Answer- A. MRI Investigation of choice for intramedullary space occupy lesion is MRI.