Renal Imaging MCQs

In multicystic dysplastic kidney, the kidney is replaced with multiple cysts with non-functioning renal parenchyma. This results in non-visualisation of kidney on contrast study as no uptake of dye occurs by the affected kidney. Reference : AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number - 119

Ectopic pregnancy refers to the implantation of a fertilised ovum outside of the uterine cavity. The classic presentation is with abdominal pain and bleeding. Positive sonographic findings include: Uterus An empty uterine cavity or no evidence of an intrauterine pregnancy Pseudogestational sac or decidual cyst Decidual cast Thick echogenic endometrium Tube and ovary Simple adnexal cyst Complex extra-adnexal cyst/mass Solid hyperechoic mass is possible but non-specific Ring of fire sign: can be seen on color Doppler in a tubal ectopic, but can also be seen in a corpus luteum An absence of color Doppler flow does not exclude an ectopic Live extrauterine pregnancy peritoneal cavity Free pelvic fluid or hemoperitoneum in the pouch of Douglas Free fluid in the hepatorenal recess Reference: AIIMS-MAMC-PGI’s Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 268

Renal stones overlap the vertebral shadows on lateral radiograph Gall stones are anterior to vertebral shadow on lateral radiograph

IOC to evaluate RCC is CECT IOC to evaluate Renal Vein Invasion(vascular invasion) by RCC is MRI

Bosniak classification is a system to classify the cystic renal masses into benign and malignant and is based on CT appearance of the lesion. Reference : AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 110

According to American College of Radiology appropriateness criteria for renal transplant dysfunction, US duplex Doppler is the first line investigation. Colour doppler is used to evaluate the status of graft vessels and to detect any areas of focal stenosis or thrombosis. Colour doppler is also primary diagnostic modality for identifying various vascular complications. Reference : AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 179

Oncocytomas are the most common benign solid non fat containing renal mass. Central scar is seen in oncocytomas This occurs due to spoke wheel pattern of feeding artery and central areas of fibrous scarring giving rise to a central scar like appearance. Reference : AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number - 141