Neuroimaging - MRI Brain in Neurodegenerative & Other CNS Disorders MCQs

Functional MRI is based on BOLD technique, Blood O2 Level Dependent technique and is used to localize speech centres, fine motor areas and Brain Mapping. Diffussion Weighted Imaging uses Brownian movements Diffussion Tensor Imaging uses Anisotropic movements MR Spectroscopy detects chemical metabolites of the lesion.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents are either paramagnetic ion complexes or superparamagnetic magnetite particles and contain lanthanide elements such as gadolinium (Gd3+) or transition metal manganese (Mn2+). These elements shorten the T1 or T2 relaxation time, thereby causing increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images or reduced signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Most paramagnetic contrast agents are positive agents. These agents shorten the T1, so the enhanced parts appear bright on T1-weighted images. Dysprosium, superparamagnetic agents and ferromagnetic agents are negative contrast agents. The enhanced parts appear darker on T2-weighted images. Reference: AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 772

Gadolinium based contrast agents for MRI can be safely given in lactating mothers as very little is excreted in milk and absorbed from the gut. Reference: AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 772

On the basis of magnetic properties, the MRI contrast agents are divided into Paramagnetic & Superparamagnetic. Paramagnetic compounds include Gd and Mn. Superparamagnetic compounds include Iron oxide. Reference: AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 766.

On the basis of magnetic properties, the MRI contrast agents are divided into Paramagnetic & Superparamagnetic. Paramagnetic compounds include Gd and Mn. Superparamagnetic compounds include Iron oxide. Reference: AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 766

MRI is helpful in differentiating the various zones of the prostate due to its high soft tissue resolution Reference : AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 374

PIRADS scoring is used in prostate for finding the probability of having a malignancy in a suspicious lesion. It is based on MRI technique. This is based on 3 sequences- T2WI, DYNAMIC CONTRAST, DWI. Reference : AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 378

Transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of gallstone disease. The following result of transabdominal ultrasound is confirmatory of gallstone disease. Reference: AIIMS-MAMC-PGI's Comprehensive textbook of diagnostic radiology page number 1972