Disorders of Thyroid is part of the Endocrine System section of Pediatrics. Practise 10 exam-style MCQs for NEET PG, FMGE, INI-CET and NEET SS, each with the correct answer and a detailed explanation.
Disorders of Thyroid MCQs follow congenital hypothyroidism screening at three to four days, thyroid dysgenesis as the leading cause and Graves disease in childhood hyperthyroidism. A high-yield NEET PG set on paediatric thyroid assessment.
Sample Disorders of Thyroid MCQs with answers
Sample MCQ #1
During his 1st physical examination following birth at home with the assistance of a midwife, a 5- week-old male is suspected to have congenital hypothyroidism. His parents refused all newborn screening at the time of his birth. Which of the following may be the earliest clinical sign of congenital hypothyroidism?
AExophthalmos
BSustained clonus
CClosed posterior fontanelle
DProlonged jaundice
Show Answer & Explanation ▾
✓ Correct Answer: D. Prolonged jaundice
Prolongation of physiologic jaundice, due to delayed maturation of glucuronide conjugation, is often the 1st clinical finding in an infant with congenital hypothyroidism. Poor feeding, partly due to a large tongue, somnolence, and lack of interest are characteristic. Additional clinical findings may include a large protuberant abdomen; umbilical hernia; mottled, cool, and dry skin; extremity edema; and widely open fontanelles. Reference: Nelson textbook of pediatrics, 1 st SA ed., pg. 2668
Sample MCQ #2
A full term baby born to a mother with hypothyroidism, needs to be screened for congenital hypothyroidism ideally at what age?
A1 day
B3 days
C1 week
D3 weeks
Show Answer & Explanation ▾
✓ Correct Answer: B. 3 days
A newborn screening for congenital hypothyroidism must be done at 3-4 days of life coupled with newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism. Screening test that are positive must be reassessed with a repeat venous sample and read according to cut-off values for the age. Tags : Topic : CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM Difficulty level : MUST KNOW PYQ : NEET PG 2022 Reference : AIIMS protocols in neonatology, 2019, pg. 236
Sample MCQ #3
What is the most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism?
AThyroid agenesis
BThyroid dysgenesis
CIodine deficiency
DThyroid dyshormonogenesis
Show Answer & Explanation ▾
✓ Correct Answer: B. Thyroid dysgenesis
Causes of permanent congenital hypothyroidism are: Thyroid dysgenesis (most common) Thyroid agenesis TSH resistance Thyroid dyshormonogenesis (2 nd most common) Central hypothyroidism Tags : Topic : CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM Difficulty level : MUST KNOW PYQ : NEET PG 2022 Reference : Cloherty and Stark's manual of neonatal care, SA ed., pg. 933
Sample MCQ #4
Most common cause of hyperthyroidism in children is?
AThyroid nodule
BGrave's disease
CHashimoto's thyroiditis
DThyroid adenoma
Show Answer & Explanation ▾
✓ Correct Answer: B. Grave's disease
The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Grave's disease . This is an autoimmune condition where antibodies (TSH receptor antibodies - TRAb ) mimic TSH and activate the TSH-R on the thyroid gland, producing excessive thyroid hormone. Other causes of hyperthyroidism include: Toxic multinodular goitre Toxic adenoma Thyroid carcinoma Neonatal hyperthyroidism - due to transplacental transfer of maternal TRAb to the fetus hCG-secreting tumors - hCG has a similar structure to TSH and so can mimic it Functioning pituitary adenoma leading to increased production of TSH KEY TAKEAWAYS: The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Grave's disease . Tags: Topic: THYROID DISORDERS Difficulty level: MUST KNOW Reference: Nelson textbook of pediatrics, 21 st ed., pg. 2929
What you can practise in Disorders of Thyroid
10 Disorders of Thyroid MCQs on Thyroid, Endocrine System — each with detailed explanations
Previous-year question practice across NEET PG, FMGE, INI-CET and NEET SS
Progress and performance tracking to measure retention
Disorders of Thyroid MCQs follow congenital hypothyroidism screening at three to four days, thyroid dysgenesis as the leading cause and Graves disease in childhood hyperthyroidism. A high-yield NEET PG set on paediatric thyroid assessment.
How many Disorders of Thyroid questions are there, and which exams do they cover?
MedLadder includes 10 curated MCQs for Disorders of Thyroid under Pediatrics (Endocrine System), covering NEET PG, FMGE, INI-CET and NEET SS preparation.
