Poisoning: General Considerations MCQs

Ans. is 'a' i.e., CuSO4 [Ref: Reddy 30th/e p. 500, 503] Copper sulphate acts as a poison & an antidote for phosphorus poisoning. Copper sulphate when ingested causes burning pain in stomach with colicky abdominal pain, vomiting. In severe cases, hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, methemoglobinemia, jaundice, pancreatitis & cramps & convulsions. Death can occur due to hepatic & renal failure. It is given in gastric lavage for phosphorous poisoning as it coats the particles of phosphorous with a film of copper sulphide which is harmless.

There are 4 phenotypes and 6 genotypes in blood group inheritance. If father is phenotype A (Genotype may be AA or AO) and mother is phenotype B (Genotype may be BB or BO), the offspring's genotype can be AB or AO or BO or OO, which will manifest the genotype as AB or A or B or O. A and B are both "dominant" and O is "recessive" to A and B, whereas A and B are equally dominant. Reference: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, KS Narayan Reddy, 35th edition, Page No. 351

80% of the human population are secretors and 20% are non-secretors. The secretors secrete ABO antigen in all their body fluids except in CSF. Reference: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, KS Narayan Reddy, 35th edition, Page No. 352

Blood grouping helps to solve paternity problems but does not conclusively fix paternity. DNA Profiling (Fingerprinting) provides absolute certainty and is a fool proof method to conclusively fix paternity. Comparing the blood grouping helps to certain extent in case of exchange of babies in maternity hospitals, to match the fragmentary remains of skeleton and to compare the blood stains on the weapons. Reference: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, KS Narayan Reddy, 35th edition, Page No. 354

Paracelsus is called father of toxicology. Mathieu orfila is thought of as father of modern toxicology

Explanation: Blood grouping does not conclusively fix the paternity. Blood grouping can only exclude, not confirm, paternity, because many individuals share the same blood type, so a match merely indicates possibility rather than proof, while an incompatible type definitively rules someone out. DNA Profiling (Fingerprinting) provides absolute certainty and is a fool proof method to conclusively fix paternity. Comparing the blood grouping helps to certain extent in case of exchange of babies in maternity hospitals, to certain extent to match the fragmentary remains of skeleton and to certain extent to compare the blood stains on the weapons (Option A, B, D)

Ans. B: Kerosene Poisoning Lavage is contraindicated when patients have a compromised, unprotected airway and in patients at risk of gastrointestinal hemorrhage or perforation. Relative contraindications include when the poisoning is due to a corrosive substance, hydrocarbons, or for poisons that have an effective antidote.

C i.e. Vitriol throwing Vitriolage (Vitriol throwing) is throwing of any corrosive, not necessarily sulphuric acid (H2SO4) on another personQ. Eyes are the most affected organs.