Congenital Anomalies of Nose and Disease of Nose MCQs

Boundaries of Prussak's space: Superior - Fibers of lateral malleolar fold Inferior - Lateral process of Malleus Lateral - Shrapnell's membrane Medial - Neck of malleus Trautmann's triangle - This is a triangular space bounded by: Bony labyrinth anteriorly. Sigmoid sinus posteriorly. Dura containing superior petrosal sinus superiorly. Boundaries of Macewen's triangle are as follows: Superiorly: Suprameatal crest Anterior-inferiorly: Posterosuperior wall of external auditory canal. Posteriorly: A tangential line to the posterior canal wall. Reference: Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra, 8th Edition, Page Number-549.

Venous drainage of labyrinth is through three veins, namely internal auditory vein, vein of cochlear aqueduct and vein of vestibular aqueduct, which ultimately drain into inferior petrosal sinus and lateral venous sinus. Bacterial infections reach labyrinth through the middle ear (tympanogenic) or through CSF (meningogenic). Sensorineural hearing loss following meningitis is a well known clinical entity. Bacteria can invade the labyrinth along nerves, vessels, cochlear aqueduct or the endolymphatic sac. Membranous labyrinth is totally destroyed. Reference: Diseases of Ear, Nose & Head and Neck surgery by P L Dhingra, 9 th edition, Pg.no.38

Incus has no muscle attached to it. Hence it has the least blood supply. Therefore, it is more vulnerable to be eroded in CSOM. Lenticular process followed by Long process of Incus are most commonly involved. Reference: Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra, 8th Edition, pg. no - 77

Facial recess is the surgical landmark for posterior tympanotomy Subiculum seperates oval and round window Ponticulus runs from promontory to pyramid Donaldson's line is surgical landmark for endolymphatic sac Trautmann's triangle is surgical landmark for posterior cranial fossa McEvan's triangle (suprameatal triangle) is surgical landmark for mastoid antrum. Reference : Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra, 8th Edition, Chapter name: Rehabilitation of the Hearing Impaired, Page number: 147

Treatment of Rhinosporidiosis - Complete excision of the mass with a cutting diathermy and cauterization of its base. Recurrences are common after surgery. Dapsone has some role in preventing recurrence. Reference – Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra ,8 th Edition, pg. no – 185, 186

Dapsone has some role in preventing recurrence in Rhinosporidiosis. Rhinoscleroma is treated with streptogramin (1g/ day) and tetracycline (2g/day) for a minimum of 4-6 weeks. Reference – Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra ,8 th Edition, pg. no – 181, 185

Papillomas mostly affect supraglottic and glottic regions of larynx but can also involve subglottis, trachea and bronchi. REF:- Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra ,8 th Edition, pg. no 360 Cummings Otolaryngeology, Head and Neck Surgery, 5 th edition – Page number - 2881

Longitudinal fracture This is due to falling on the side. 80% of total fractures. Less dangerous. Cause Ossicular dislocation. Cause CHL Vertigo is uncommon. EAC bleeding and CSF otorrhoea are more Common Facial palsy is less common and delayed , it is due to edema of nerve. So, treatment is or oral steroids. Reference: Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery by P L Dhingra, 8 th Edition, Page - 116.