Vessels - Upper Limb MCQs

The cephalic vein is the only structure listed that does not have a special relationship to pectoralis minor. The cords of the brachial plexus are found deep to pectoralis minor. The second part of the axillary artery is defined as the segment of the axillary artery which is covered by the pectoralis minor muscle. So, branches of the second part of the axillary artery, including the lateral thoracic artery, lie deep to pectoralis minor. The medial pectoral nerve pierces pectoralis minor to reach pectoralis major Reference - Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Upper Limb Page number - 737

The ulnar artery is the main source of blood to the superficial palmar arterial arch; the arch is completed on the radial side by the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery. The radial artery is the main source of blood to the deep palmar arterial arch, which is completed on the ulnar side by the deep branch of the ulnar artery. Reference- Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Upper Limb Page number - 816

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the vasoconstriction of peripheral vasculature. If the sympathetic nervous system was damaged, peripheral vessels would no longer be able to constrict. The resultant vasodilation would cause flushing. Somatic afferent, efferent, and parasympathetic fibers are not involved with the innervation of the vasculature. Disrupting any of these other fibers would not cause these symptoms. Reference - Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Back Page number - 893

Ans. is 'a' i.e., Causes increase in GI Ischemia o Dopamine acts on dopamine (Di & D2) and adrenergic (a1 + a2 + [31) receptors, with no action on p, receptors. o At lowest effective dose it stimulates D1 receptors in renal & mesentric blood vessels —> improves renal and mesentric perfusion. o At moderately high doses it acts as 13, agonist --> positive ionotropic. o At high doses it activates a-adrenoreceptors —> vasoconstriction.

The cranial end of left brachiocephalic vein is from left anterior cardinal, but the lower part develops as a shunt between left and right anterior cardinal veins. On the right side, the upper part of superior vena cava is from right anterior cardinal, while the lower part is old right common cardinal vein. Reference - Textbook of Langman's, 12th Edition, Cardiovascular System Embryology Page number - 170