Bone, Cartilage & Muscular Tissue MCQs

The laryngeal framework is composed of cartilages connected by ligaments and membranes. Ossification of laryngeal cartilages usually begins at the age of 20 years in males and in females at the age of 22 years when skeletal growth is complete , and is a degenerative process in hyaline cartilages with increasing age. Ossification may occur in one or more laryngeal cartilages, although it varies in age of onset and extent. Usually starting first in the thyroid cartilage at about 30 years, it is complete by 65 years of age. Ossification in the cricoid cartilage proceeds from behind forward. Reference: Textbook of Gray's Anatomy for students, 3rd Edition, Head and neck, Page number - 1053

Answer- C. Soft tissue Heterotopic ossification is the process by which bone tissue is formed in soft tissue outside the skeleton.

The elastic fibers present in the elastic cartilage can be visualised by Verhoeff's stain. The fibers stain dark purple/black with Verhoeff's stain. The Verhoeff's stain binds to the elastin protein, which is the main constituent of elastic fibers. Reference: Textbook of Netter's Essential Histology, 2nd Edition, Integumentary System, Page number - 243

The elastic cartilage is also known as yellow fibrocartilage. The elastic cartilage resembles the hyaline cartilage in that it contains individual or small groups of chondrocytes that are surrounded by type Il collagen fibrils. However, it differs from hyaline cartilage in that, much of the interterritorial matrix consists of fine yellow elastic fibres containing elastin protein. Reference: Textbook of Netter's Essential Histology, 2nd Edition, Integumentary System, Page number - 243

Type I collagen is present in fibrocartilage. Fibrocartilage (also known as white fibrocartilage) contains both type I and type I collagen. Hyaline and elastic cartilage contains only type Il collagen Reference: Textbook of Netter's Essential Histology, 2nd Edition, Integumentary System, Page number - 243

C i.e. Osteopetrosis In osteopetrosis, there is reduced osteoclastic bone resorption resulting in diffuse symmetrical skeleton sclerosis. Also k/a marble bone disease d/t its stone like quality of bones; however the bones are abnormally brittle & fracture like a piece of chalk. It can present radiologically as? Sclerosis of all bones more prominent at base of skullQ. Sclerosis of vertebral end plate 1/t characteristic sandwitch or broad stripped (rugby jersey spine) Q Bone in bone appearanceQ d/t sclerotic foci within the bone.

Articular cartilage despite being a type of hyaline cartilage lacks perichondrium. Cartilage is a connective tissue composed of cells (chondrocytes) and fibers (collagen or yellow elastic fibers). These are embedded in a firm, gel-like matrix that is rich in mucopolysaccharides. It is much more elastic than bone. Cartilage does not have blood vessels or lymphatics. Chondrocytes get their nutrition by diffusion. Cartilage has no nerves and is insensitive. Reference: Textbook of B d Chaurasia's handbook of General Anatomy, 4th Edition, Page number - 57

Sharpey's fibers are thick collagen fibers that connect the periosteum to the underlying bone. Sharpey's fibers are present in the bone and the teeth. Bone - tether the periosteum to the underlying bone. Teeth - connect the cementum to the periosteum of the alveolar bone (tooth socket). Reference: Textbook of B d Chaurasia's handbook of General Anatomy, 4th Edition, Page number - 57