History and Ethical Aspects of Anaesthesia MCQs

Oliver Wendel Holmes coined the term Anaesthesia . John snow- administered chloroform analgesia to Queen Victoria for the delivery of her eighth child. This was a success and led to medical and religious acceptance of obstetrical anesthesia. When cholera returned to London in 1853, John Snow undertook an epidemiological study and linked the outbreak in Golden Square to the water pump on Broad Street. WTG Morton is considered as father of Anaesthesia The concept of balanced anesthesia was introduced in 1926 by Lundy and others and evolved to include thiopental for induction, nitrous oxide for amnesia, an opioid for analgesia, and curare for muscle relaxation. The term "spinal anesthesia " was coined in 1885 by Leonard Corning, a neurologist,and Augest Bier used cocaine for spinal anesthesia Reference : Lundy Js . Balanced Anaesthesia .minn .med . 1926;9:399-404

In the Bullfinch amphitheater of the Massachusetts General Hospital. On Friday 16 October 1846 , Morton administed volatile anesthetic Ether to Edward Gilbert Abbott when John Collins Warren was operating a vascular lesion at the left side of Abbott's neck Gilbert Abbott later reported that he was aware of the operation but had experienced no pain . At the moment that the procedure ended, Warren turned to his audience and allegedly announced, "Gentlemen, this is no humbug" To honor this humongous achievement, the day is celebrated as world anaesthesia day Reference : E Book of Baheti's Understanding Anesthetist Equipments and Procedures a Pratical Approach First Edition Chapter 1 Page No 4 Table 2

John snow administered labour analgesia using Chloroform to Queen Victoria's 8 th delivery, to the birth of, Prince Leopard During the delivery, Snow administered analgesic doses of chloroform on a folded handkerchief, a technique that was soon termed ' chloroform a la reine ' Victoria abhorred the pain of labor and enjoyed the relief that chloroform provided; she wrote in her journal," Dr.Snow gave that blessed chloroform and the effect was soothing, quieting, and delightful beyond measure " Reference : E Book of Baheti's Understanding Anesthetist Equipments and Procedures a Pratical Approach First Edition Chapter 1 Page No 4 Table 2

An anesthesia consent should be obtained during pre-anesthetic evaluation, whenever possible. This is one of the prime aims that need to be filled as a component of preoperative anesthetic evaluation. Reference: Morgan and Mikhail's clinical anesthesiology 6th edition pg 297.

William Thomas Green Morton began experiments with inhaled ether at Boston and with Ether he started anesthetizing patients in his dental office. Because of his success, he received an invitation to give a public demonstration in the Bullfinch amphitheater of the Massachusetts General Hospital In the Bullfinch amphitheater of the Massachusetts General Hospital. On Friday 16 October 1846 , Morton administed volatile anesthetic Ether to Edward Gilbert Abbott when John Collins Warren was operating a vascular lesion at the left side of Abbott's neck Reference : E Book of Baheti's Understanding Anesthetist Equipments and Procedures a Pratical Approach First Edition Chapter 1 Page No 4 Table 2

In Boston, Massachusetts, on October 16, 1846, William T.G. Morton conducted the first public demonstration of general anesthesia for surgical operation using ether The surgeon was John Warren and the operation was the removal of a vascular lesion from the left side neck of Edward Gilbert Abbott Wrong answers: Option A : Joseph Priestley produced nitrous oxide in 1772 Option B: August Bier is credited with administering the first spinal anesthetic in 1898 . He was also the first to describe intravenous regional anesthesia (Bier block) in 1908 Option D : Thiopental, synthesized in 1932 by Volwiler and Tabern, was first used clinically by John Lundy and Ralph Waters in 1934 Reference: Morgan and Mikhail's clinical anesthesiology, 6th edition, Chapter 1, page 2

Morton called the component of the colored fluid, which he had used to put Abbott to sleep during the first public demonstration as " Letheon ," which was , chemically the drug diethyl ether Reference : E Book of Baheti's Understanding Anesthetist Equipments and Procedures a Pratical Approach First Edition Chapter 1 Page No 4 to 6

Ans. B. Guedel Guedel described four stages of ether anesthesia known as Guedel stages.